Falk, Cornell & Associates, LLP

An Estate Planning Law Firm

Call Us Today (650) 463-1550
  • Home
  • Our Firm
    • About Our Firm
    • About The American Academy
    • Advantages of Working With Our Firm
    • Attorney and Staff Profiles
    • News & Events
    • Speaker Connection
  • Services
    • Asset Protection & Business Planning
    • Estate and Gift Tax Figures
    • Estate Planning Services
    • Family-Owned Business
    • Incapacity Planning
    • IRA & Retirement Planning
    • Legacy Planning
    • LGBTQ Estate Planning
    • Pet Planning
    • Senior Resource Guide
    • SECURE Act
    • Special Needs Planning
    • Trust Administration & Probate
  • Seminars
  • Resources
    • Client Resources
    • Consumer Resources
    • ELDER LAW REPORTS
    • Estate Planning & Related Forms
    • Newsletters
    • Professional Resources
    • Published Books
    • Reports
      • Advanced Estate Planning
      • Basic Estate Planning
      • Estate Planning for Niches
      • Trust Administration
  • Contact Us
  • BLOG

Trusts and Income Tax: Who Pays?

May 31, 2012 by Mary S. Falk, Estate Planning Attorney

Compliments of Our Law Firm,
By: The American Academy of Estate Planning Attorneys

Trusts are an incredibly useful estate planning tool, and they’re becoming ever more popular. But, as Trusts gain popularity, a question comes up more and more often: who pays the income tax on a Trust? It seems like a simple inquiry, but the answer can be hard to pin down. As a matter of fact, sometimes even lawyers don’t know.

So, who does pay the income tax on a Trust? Here is the answer, in a nutshell:

Grantor Trust

The first step in figuring out who is responsible for the income tax is to determine whether a Trust is a “grantor” Trust. The grantor is the person who created and funded the Trust, and a grantor Trust is one where the grantor has retained certain powers.

For instance, if you established a Trust and retained the power to substitute assets or to revoke the Trust, you have a grantor Trust. A grantor Trust is taxable to the grantor, whether or not any distributions were made from the Trust to the grantor during the tax year in question. In other words, if you have a grantor Trust, all the property in the Trust is treated as your property for income tax purposes. In fact, many grantor Trusts don’t even have their own tax identification number; instead, the income and expenses incurred by such Trusts are simply reported to the Internal Revenue Service under their grantor’s social security number.

Let’s look at an example:

James Smith creates the Smith trust, a grantor Trust. The Trust has $30,000 in income for the year and it distributes $10,000 to Ellen, who is not a grantor. The entire $30,000 is included on James’ tax return; Ellen does not include the distribution to her on her income tax return.

Non–Grantor Trust

Any Trust that is not a grantor Trust is classified as a “non-grantor” Trust. A non-grantor Trust is treated as a separate tax entity from the person who created it, and taxation of this type of Trust depends on the distributions made by the Trust in any given tax year.

Let’s take a fresh look at the previous example:

If the Smith trust were a non-grantor Trust and it had $30,000, with a $10,000 distribution to Ellen, three things would happen. First, the Trust itself would file its own income tax return – Form 1041—to report its income for the year. Second, the Trust would issue a K-1 Form to Ellen, alerting her that she had $10,000 in income in the form of a Trust distribution. Third, Ellen would report the Trust distribution as income on her own personal income tax return – Form 1040.

If you are the creator or the beneficiary of a Trust, it is vital that you know the tax rules that apply. Otherwise, you could be failing to report income that should be taxed to you – or you could be reporting income on which someone else should be paying income taxes. A qualified estate planning attorney can assess your situation and help make sure you’re playing by the right rules.

Is Your Plan Outdated?

Change is inevitable! See if your plan is outdated and if you need to take action to protect your loved ones.

Office Address

865 Laurel Street, Suite 4
San Carlos, CA 94070
United States (US)
Phone: (650) 463-1550
Fax: (650) 463-1560

Opening hours

Monday9:00 AM - 5:00 PM
Tuesday9:00 AM - 5:00 PM
Wednesday9:00 AM - 5:00 PM
Thursday9:00 AM - 5:00 PM

Map

fc_sidbr_map
x

YES! I would like access to over 40 Worksheets and Checklists discussed in The Ultimate Caregiver Guide!

© 2021 American Academy of Estate Planning Attorneys, Inc.